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What is the G20?
The Group of Twenty (G20) is an organisation that works together on significant global [[economic::Something that is related to the economy. The economy is a process by which a country makes money.]] concerns.
There are 19 countries plus two groups called the [[European Union::An international organisation consisting of 27 European countries that follow a similar set of rules and laws.]] (EU) and the African Union (AU). Every year, one of the countries becomes the president. In 2023, India held the role.
Every year, the G20Â [[summit::An official meeting where world leaders, important businessmen, etc., discuss important issues.]]Â also takes place.
This year’s summit was held in New Delhi from 9th to 10th September 2023. "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam," or "One Earth, One Family, One Future," was the [[theme::The subject or major concept of an event.]] of India's G20 presidency. The summit took place at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi.
What are some key takeaways from the G20 summit 2023?
At the summit, leaders had meaningful discussions and made some decisions. Here are some key points from the summit:
The AU joined the G20 as a new member country to make the G20 more inclusive.
PM Modi, along with leaders from Singapore, Bangladesh, Italy, the USA, Brazil, Argentina, Mauritius, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), launched the Global [[Biofuel::Fuel that is made from plant materials or animal waste]] [[Alliance::A group of people or countries who work together towards common goals.]] (GBA). The GBA aims to increase the use of [[sustainable::It refers to something that doesn’t harm the environment and can be used for a long time.]] biofuels.
The USA, India, Saudi Arabia, and other countries discussed establishing rail and shipping [[corridors::Refers to certain roads or pathways created to connect different regions.]] between the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. This would help with various trades.
The G20 leaders want to increase [[renewable energy::Energy that comes from renewable sources, like the wind and the sun.]] capacity by 2030 and use less coal. But, they didn't change any existing [[policies::A plan or an action by an organisation or a government.]] to reach their renewable energy goals.
The New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration was also adopted at the summit.
What is the New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration?
The declaration talks about fair growth and peace. It says no government should use force to take land from another country. It also says that [[terrorism::People who use violence to achieve political goals.]] is bad for world peace.
All terrorist activities are unacceptable. The declaration also talks about helping the disadvantaged.
It mentions that the G20 countries want to encourage proper agriculture trade. They will also avoid imposing export restrictions.
The G20 countries also want to make global health better. They will work with development banks to make health systems stronger.
These are some things the New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration talks about.
The meeting ended with India giving the leadership to Brazil. Brazil will be the leader starting on 1st December 2023.
Quick Revision
G20 is a group of major countries working on world economic issues.
India hosted the summit in Delhi (9–10 Sept 2023) with the theme “One Earth, One Family, One Future.”
African Union joined, Biofuel Alliance launched, and new trade routes were discussed.
The New Delhi Declaration promoted peace, no terrorism, and fair trade.
India handed over G20 leadership to Brazil for 2024.
